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Base by Base

Base by Base explores advances in genetics and genomics, with a focus on gene-disease associations, variant interpretation, protein structure, and insights from exome and genome sequencing. Each episode breaks down key studies and their clinical...more

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Latest Episodes

439: Coembedding Sequence and Structure: CLSS Maps the Protein Universe

Episode 439

August 11, 2026

439: Coembedding Sequence and Structure: CLSS Maps the Protein Universe

Longo LM et al., PNAS - This episode summarizes a PNAS study introducing CLSS, a contrastive two-tower protein language model that coembeds domain sequences,...

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00:23:08

438: Mapping AIRE: a proactive atlas of 9,790 missense variants

Episode 438

August 10, 2026

438: Mapping AIRE: a proactive atlas of 9,790 missense variants

Axakova A et al., The American Journal of Human Genetics - Axakova et al. generated a variant effect map for AIRE using an insulin‑promoter...

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00:24:02

437: Cell villages and Dirichlet modeling map human cell fitness genetics

Episode 437

August 09, 2026

437: Cell villages and Dirichlet modeling map human cell fitness genetics

Hanson C et al., The American Journal of Human Genetics - Hanson et al. combine pooled multi-donor human neural progenitor cell "villages" with Townlet,...

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00:28:03

436: KIAP4 and the ARND family: building the Leishmania adhesion plaque

Episode 436

August 08, 2026

436: KIAP4 and the ARND family: building the Leishmania adhesion plaque

Owino BO et al., PNAS - Using TurboID proximity proteomics and microscopy, researchers identify KIAP4 as the canonical member of a conserved Adhesion Related...

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00:24:51

435: E. coli TGT binds two tRNAs — cryo-EM reveals dual engagement

Episode 435

August 07, 2026

435: E. coli TGT binds two tRNAs — cryo-EM reveals dual engagement

Ember M et al., PNAS - This episode examines a cryo-EM study of Escherichia coli tRNA-guanine transglycosylase (TGT) that solves the enzyme structure and...

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00:19:03

434: High‑coverage genomes recast Japan's prehistoric demography

Episode 434

August 06, 2026

434: High‑coverage genomes recast Japan's prehistoric demography

Ishiya K et al., PNAS - This episode examines a PNAS study that reports two high-coverage ancient human genomes from mainland Japan (an Initial...

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00:27:07